在GMAT分析性寫作部分(Analytical Writing Assessment, AWA),考生需要在30分鐘內(nèi)完成一篇議論文,分析一個論點(diǎn)的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。文章的結(jié)構(gòu)清晰與否直接影響到評分的高低。一個邏輯清晰、條理分明的文章不僅能讓考官快速理解你的觀點(diǎn),還能展示你的邏輯思維能力和寫作技巧。本文將為你詳細(xì)介紹如何在GMAT寫作中組織文章結(jié)構(gòu),幫助你在考試中取得優(yōu)異成績。
一篇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的GMAT議論文通常包括以下三個部分:引言、主體段落和結(jié)論。每個部分都有其特定的功能和內(nèi)容要求。
引言部分是文章的開頭,通常包含以下內(nèi)容:
簡要介紹論點(diǎn):用一兩句話概括題目中的論點(diǎn)或觀點(diǎn)。
明確表達(dá)你的立場:清晰地表明你對論點(diǎn)的看法,通常是對論點(diǎn)的邏輯漏洞進(jìn)行總體評價。
概述文章結(jié)構(gòu):簡要說明你將在主體段落中分析的主要邏輯漏洞。
示例: "The argument claims that implementing a new marketing strategy will significantly increase the company's sales. However, this assertion is fraught with logical flaws that undermine its credibility. In this essay, I will analyze these flaws and suggest ways to strengthen the argument."
主體段落是文章的核心部分,通常包含2-3段,每段分析一個主要的邏輯漏洞。每個主體段落應(yīng)包括以下內(nèi)容:
段落主題句:明確指出你將分析的具體邏輯漏洞。
詳細(xì)分析:解釋為什么這個邏輯漏洞存在問題,提供具體的例子或證據(jù)。
改進(jìn)建議:提出如何改進(jìn)這個邏輯漏洞,使論點(diǎn)更加有說服力。
示例: "Firstly, the argument assumes that the new marketing strategy will attract a large number of new customers without providing any evidence to support this assumption. For instance, it does not consider the market saturation or the competition from other companies. To strengthen the argument, the company should conduct market research to assess the potential demand and competition."
"Secondly, the argument fails to address the cost implications of implementing the new marketing strategy. While it claims that the strategy will increase sales, it does not consider whether the increased costs will offset the potential gains. To make the argument more convincing, the company should provide a detailed cost-benefit analysis."
"Lastly, the argument does not provide any data or case studies to support its claim that similar strategies have been successful in the past. Without concrete evidence, the assertion remains speculative. The company should present specific examples of successful implementations to bolster its argument."
結(jié)論部分是文章的結(jié)尾,通常包含以下內(nèi)容:
總結(jié)主要觀點(diǎn):重申你在主體段落中分析的主要邏輯漏洞。
重申你的立場:再次強(qiáng)調(diào)你對論點(diǎn)的總體評價。
提出總體改進(jìn)建議:簡要總結(jié)如何改進(jìn)論點(diǎn),使其更加有說服力。
示例: "In conclusion, the argument is unconvincing due to its unsupported assumptions, lack of cost analysis, and absence of concrete evidence. To strengthen the argument, the company should conduct thorough market research, perform a detailed cost-benefit analysis, and provide specific examples of successful implementations. By addressing these logical gaps, the argument can become more compelling and persuasive."
在寫作中,使用邏輯連接詞可以幫助讀者更好地理解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯關(guān)系。例如:
轉(zhuǎn)折詞:However, Nevertheless, Nonetheless
因果詞:Therefore, Consequently, As a result
并列詞:Moreover, Additionally, Furthermore
每個主體段落應(yīng)圍繞一個主要的邏輯漏洞展開,避免在段落中引入多個不相關(guān)的觀點(diǎn)。段落內(nèi)的句子應(yīng)緊密圍繞主題句展開,確保段落內(nèi)容的一致性和連貫性。
如果允許,使用清晰的標(biāo)題和小標(biāo)題可以幫助讀者快速了解文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和主要內(nèi)容。例如:
Introduction
Logical Flaws in the Argument
Assumption Without Evidence
Cost Implications Ignored
Lack of Concrete Evidence
Conclusion
盡量使用簡潔明了的句子,避免冗長復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。冗長的句子不僅容易讓讀者感到困惑,還可能增加語法錯誤的風(fēng)險。例如:
冗長句子:The argument suggests that the new policy will be effective because it has been shown in numerous studies that similar policies have had positive outcomes in other regions.
簡潔句子:The argument suggests that the new policy will be effective, as similar policies have had positive outcomes in other regions.
在寫作過程中,注意語法和拼寫錯誤。雖然小的語法錯誤可能不會嚴(yán)重影響你的分?jǐn)?shù),但過多的錯誤會降低文章的整體質(zhì)量。建議在寫作完成后,花幾分鐘時間檢查語法和拼寫錯誤。
在GMAT寫作中,組織清晰的文章結(jié)構(gòu)是展示邏輯思維和寫作能力的關(guān)鍵。通過熟悉文章的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)結(jié)構(gòu)(引言、主體段落和結(jié)論),使用邏輯連接詞,保持段落一致性,使用清晰的標(biāo)題和小標(biāo)題,避免冗長句子,以及注意語法和拼寫,考生可以顯著提高寫作水平。希望本文的介紹能夠幫助你在GMAT寫作部分取得優(yōu)異的成績。
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Copyright ?2023上海瀾大教育信息咨詢有限公司. All Rights Reserved 滬ICP備10035962號-1 滬公網(wǎng)安備31010102007782