SAT機(jī)考一大特點(diǎn)就是一文一題,文章長(zhǎng)度大大縮短了,現(xiàn)在的段落基本上在五句話之內(nèi),需要考生準(zhǔn)確理解信息(information and ideas),分析句間關(guān)系和結(jié)構(gòu)(craft and strcture),而文本結(jié)構(gòu)與目的題就直接考察段落里句子之間的關(guān)系,句子在段落中發(fā)揮的作用以及整個(gè)段落的結(jié)構(gòu)。
SAT 閱讀機(jī)考 OG 中,一般 7-12 題是文章結(jié)構(gòu)與修辭目的題,這類題型一般來(lái)說(shuō)有分兩個(gè)大類,一個(gè)是段落目的,一個(gè)是句子目的,紙筆版的考試也考察詞匯目的,機(jī)考也不排除這種可能性。這類題目的做題思路一般是這樣的:第一步讀題干,明確考查對(duì)象是考的詞、句還是段。首先,如果作者在文章里面提到了 A 這個(gè)單詞目的是什么?
第一點(diǎn)要明確詞意,
第二點(diǎn)是理解考點(diǎn)詞,考到的這個(gè)單詞所在句子的本身的意思,然后理解這句話前后的觀點(diǎn)以及觀點(diǎn)的關(guān)系。句子也是同樣的道理,明確句意,再去理解這句話前后句的邏輯關(guān)系和觀點(diǎn)的特征跟屬性。段落也是如此,明確段落的主旨,整段表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)和意思,然后理解段落結(jié)構(gòu)和功能。因?yàn)闄C(jī)考目前只呈現(xiàn)一段內(nèi)容,所以就不需要像紙筆考那樣去分析段間關(guān)系了。
下面以句子目的為例,分析句間邏輯關(guān)系,我們可以首先思考劃線句與前句之間是同向(比如解釋說(shuō)明、舉例、強(qiáng)化觀點(diǎn)等)還是反向(比如質(zhì)疑,挑戰(zhàn),反對(duì)等)的關(guān)系,比如下面以道題:
The 1967 release of Harold Cruse's book The Crisis of the Negro Intellectual isolated him from almost all other scholars and activists of the American Civil Rights Movement-though many of those thinkers disagreed with each other, he nonetheless found ways to disagree with them all. He thought that activists who believed that Black people such as himself should culturally assimilate were nave. But he also sharply criticized Black nationalists such as Marcus Garvey who wanted to establish independent self-contained Black economies and societies, even though Cruse himself identified as a Black nationalist.
Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?
A) It indicates that Cruse's reputation as a persistent antagonist of other scholars is undeserved.
B) It describes a controversy that Cruse's work caused within the Black nationalist movement.
C) It describes a direction that Cruse felt the Civil Rights Movement ought to take.
D) It helps explain Cruse's position with respect to the community of civil rights thinkers.
本段只有三句話,我們來(lái)分析句間關(guān)系,第一句話講Harold Cruse與其他學(xué)者觀點(diǎn)都不一致,后面兩句話具體闡釋觀點(diǎn)如何不同,第二句話也就是劃線句前一句說(shuō)他認(rèn)為那些黑人應(yīng)該同化的觀點(diǎn)很天真,劃線句第一個(gè)詞是but,當(dāng)然這句話跟前一句之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,但是我們還應(yīng)該注意的是,還有一個(gè)also,說(shuō)明這兩句話之間其實(shí)也存在并列關(guān)系,同時(shí)他也批評(píng)了黑人建立獨(dú)立經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)群體這種觀點(diǎn),第二第三句話都是在闡明Harold Cruse對(duì)兩種觀點(diǎn)的反對(duì),從這個(gè)層面上來(lái)說(shuō),劃線句跟前一句話之間有補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的關(guān)系,因此這道題選D。
同學(xué)們做題的時(shí)候一定要分析理解好段落里的句間關(guān)系,才能做好文本結(jié)構(gòu)和目的題。
以上就是SAT機(jī)考閱讀之文本結(jié)構(gòu)與目的題做題解析,希望對(duì)您有幫助,如需了解SAT考試資訊,可關(guān)注瀾大教育官網(wǎng)~
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