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托福考試綜合寫作怎么寫滿分？需要注意什么？

發(fā)布時間：2023/06/08 10:09:00

瀏覽次數(shù)：

托福改革在即，對于之前老獨立寫作犯難的同學來說，是一個好消息。因為再也不用揪著頭發(fā)思考論點了，但同時綜合寫作依舊保留，對于這個部分我們還是應該非常重視。那么到底怎么寫滿分呢？來跟著瀾大教育小瀾老師深入研究一下。

從評分標準來看，綜合寫作是按照三個維度評分的。

聽力細節(jié)的完整度
語法
邏輯

許多同學對于綜合寫作的得分點有誤解：

聽力細節(jié)的完整度是最重要的一個維度，這里語法指的是基本語法和時態(tài)問題，而邏輯指的是細節(jié)與細節(jié)之間的邏輯。也就是說很多同學覺得自己考不到高分，是因為語法不好，或者句式不多樣，但其實可能是因為你的聽力細節(jié)沒有還原完整，并且邏輯不對。我們拿一篇TPO的作文為例：

TPO 44 綜合寫作

我們先來看一下閱讀部分的第一段

In 1957 a European silver coin dating to the eleventh century was discovered at a Native American archaeological site in the state of Maine in the United States. Many people believed the coin had been originally brought to North America by European explorers known as the Norse, who traveled across the Atlantic Ocean and came into contact with Native Americans almost a thousand years ago.

However, some archaeologists believe that the coin is not a genuine piece of historical evidence but a historical fake; they think that the coin was placed at the site recently by someone who wanted to mislead the public. There are three main reasons why some archaeologists believe that the coin is not genuine historical evidence.

熟悉綜合寫作的同學應該知道，我們只需要找出閱讀主旨就好了，即“ There are three main reasons why some archaeologists believe that the coin is not genuine historical evidence.”，簡單來說，就是有一種銀幣，有三個原因認為這種銀幣不是一個真實的歷史證據(jù)。

同理，我們看一下閱讀的第一個分論點

Great Distance from Norse Settlements

First, the Native American site in Maine where the coin was discovered is located very far from other sites documenting a Norse presence in North America. Remains of Norse settlements have been discovered in far eastern Canada. The distance between the Maine site and the Norse settlements in Canada is more than a thousand kilometers, suggesting the coin has no real connection with the settlements.

找出閱讀分論點1“The distance between the Maine site and the Norse settlements in Canada is more than a thousand kilometers, suggesting the coin has no real connection with the settlements.”

托福考試

重點來了，我們看一下聽力原文對應閱讀分論點1，以及需要寫到的三個聽力細節(jié)。

First, the great distance of the Maine site from the Norse settlements in Canada. Well, many other objects found at that same Native American site had come from faraway places. Not just the coin. There's a perfectly reasonable historical explanation for these objects. The Native Americans who lived at the Maine site traveled great distances within North America. They were interested in obtaining objects from faraway places. The Native Americans could have reached the Norse settlements during their travels and brought the silver coin back to Maine.

聽力細節(jié)1“many other objects found at that same Native American site had come from faraway places. Not just the coin. ”，許多同樣在native american site找到的東西都從很遠的地方來，不光是硬幣。

聽力細節(jié)2“The Native Americans who lived at the Maine site traveled great distances within North America. They were interested in obtaining objects from faraway places. ”Native Americans 在北美內穿越過很遠的距離。他們對于從遠距離獲得東西很感興趣。

聽力細節(jié)3“The Native Americans could have reached the Norse settlements during their travels and brought the silver coin back to Maine.”Native Americans可能到達Norse settlements，并且可以帶回來硬幣。

當然了，我們同學在真實考試的時候沒有辦法一字不漏的寫出聽力原文，所以我們大部分情況都是paraphrase，那么我們找一位同學的作文看看他有哪些問題。

First of all, the reading material argues that the Norse settlements were very far away from the Native American site in Maine. On the contrary, the listening material points out that there are some evidences that the Norse went to the Maine. In fact, they have great interests to obtain the things from far away. Therefore, it is likely for Norse to bring the coin to the Maine.

首先，這位同學的聽力細節(jié)從”there are some evidences that the Norse went to the Maine.”這里開始，意思是有證據(jù)證明Norse去了Maine，但是和原文的聽力細節(jié)1“許多同樣在native american site找到的東西都從很遠的地方來，不光是硬幣”不同，所以此處有1個聽力細節(jié)遺漏。

再來看一下他寫的第二個聽力細節(jié)，”In fact, they have great interests to obtain the things from far away.”,這里寫到了對于獲取東西感興趣，和原文的“Native Americans 在北美內穿越過很遠的距離。他們對于從遠距離獲得東西很感興趣?！庇幸徊糠种睾?，但是前面一句話沒有寫到，所以此處有0.5個聽力細節(jié)遺漏。

第三個聽力細節(jié)“Therefore, it is likely for Norse to bring the coin to the Maine.”和原文的“Native Americans可能到達Norse settlements，并且可以帶回來硬幣?！被疽馑枷嗤?，所以沒有遺漏。

從這一段來看，這位同學已經有1.5個聽力細節(jié)遺漏了，但是值得表揚的是他有in fact， therefore等邏輯關系詞，這些邏輯關系詞同樣重要。

所以如果這一段想寫滿分的話，首先上面三個聽力細節(jié)不能有任何遺漏，其次我們需要注意細節(jié)與細節(jié)之間的邏輯關系，比如聽力細節(jié)1和聽力細節(jié)2是因果關系，我們可以寫成“聽力細節(jié)1，because 聽力細節(jié)2”。而聽力細節(jié)3是一個結論，我們可以寫成“Therefore，聽力細節(jié)3”。這里還要注意時態(tài)問題。

滿分示范：

First of all, the reading material mentions the distance between the Maine site and the Norse settlements in Canada is more than a thousand kilometers, suggesting the coin has no real connection with the settlements. However, the listening contends that there were many other objects found at the same site which had come from far away places, not just coins, because Native Americans liked to obtain objects from far away places, and they travelled great distances. Therefore, the Native American probably had reached Norse settlements and brought the coin back.

如果我們每一段都可以做到細節(jié)完整，沒有語法錯誤，邏輯關系完整的話，滿分指日可待哦！

以上就是托?？荚囆枰⒁恻c，有需要了解托福考試信息，可在線咨詢小瀾老師，或關注瀾大教育官網(wǎng)。

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